FrançaisConference : National literary fields and European space
International socialism and the “jewish question” in 1891
Author/s : Michele Nani
Beyond contemporary socialist ideologies and believes, during XIXth century international socialism was a field of forces and a space of struggles among political trends and national “socialisms”. Every international congress was inspired by the celebration of proletarian unity, but it always turned out divided and even torn. The 1891 statement about “jewish question” is a good case study, for at least four reasons: - how did the idea of a specifical statement originate? The contribution of american (especially new-yorker) socialism is conclusive, with the very important action of A. Cahan, a jewish russian immigrant escaped from tsarist persecutions, who was a journalist, a writer and a trade union leader; - what kind of reception did Cahan’s proposal find? The relationships of force among “socialisms” (with the central role of german and austrian social-democratic parties) was expressed by the different trajectories of leaders like Engels, Bebel, Adler, and Cahan himself; - what did actually happen during the congress? American proposal opened a strong discussion, concluding with a very ambiguos statement, written by the direction board of the congress; - how did european socialists judge the statement? Some examples could show the weight of socialist national fields and the degree of their articulation.
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January 9th-10th, 2009 - Intellectual space in Europe (19th-21st c.)
Dir. G. Sapiro, F. Schultheis, V. Dubois
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